Persistent compulsive use of a substance known to be harmful is called

Persistent compulsive use of a substance known to be harmful is called

• A. addiction
• B. dependence
• C. craving
• D. habit

Answer: (A)

Addiction is defined by persistent, compulsive use of a substance despite knowing it causes harm. It reflects a loss of control and ongoing engagement in the behavior even when negative consequences are clear, driven by changes in brain pathways related to reward and reinforcement. This goes beyond simply needing a substance (dependence), which centers on physical adaptation like tolerance and withdrawal, or a strong urge to use (craving) alone. It also differs from a habit, which is a repeated behavior that may not involve harmful consequences or compulsive drive. So the term that best captures the idea of ongoing, uncontrollable use despite harm is addiction.

Addiction is defined by persistent, compulsive use of a substance despite knowing it causes harm. It reflects a loss of control and ongoing engagement in the behavior even when negative consequences are clear, driven by changes in brain pathways related to reward and reinforcement. This goes beyond simply needing a substance (dependence), which centers on physical adaptation like tolerance and withdrawal, or a strong urge to use (craving) alone. It also differs from a habit, which is a repeated behavior that may not involve harmful consequences or compulsive drive. So the term that best captures the idea of ongoing, uncontrollable use despite harm is addiction.